Tonic-clonic seizures may start with a simple partial seizure or aura. The person may experience changes in sensation, mood or emotion leading up to the tonic-clonic seizure. If you are with someone who has a tonic-clonic seizure: Do not put anything in their mouth. Turn them onto their side.
Make sure the area around their body is clear of objects that could hurt them. Time the seizure. Treatment for tonic-clonic seizures can involve medication, surgery, nerve stimulation, dietary therapy or a combination of these approaches. The seizure may start with a simple or complex partial seizure known as an aura. The person may experience abnormal sensations such as a particular smell, vertigo, nausea, or anxiety.
If the person is familiar with having seizures, they may recognize the warning signs of a seizure about to begin. When the tonic-clonic seizure begins, the person loses consciousness and may fall. First aid for any type of seizure. Stay with the person until the seizure ends and he or she is fully awake. First aid for generalized tonic-clonic grand mal seizures. Here are things you can do to help someone who is having this type of seizure: Ease the person to the floor. Turn the person gently onto one side.
This will help the person breathe. Clear the area around the person of anything hard or sharp. This can prevent injury. Put something soft and flat, like a folded jacket, under his or her head. Remove eyeglasses. Loosen ties or anything around the neck that may make it hard to breathe.
Time the seizure. If in a public place, keep bystanders clear and reassure them that the seizure will end soon. If the seizure does not stop after 5 minutes — call for an ambulance. After the seizure As soon as the seizure ends, quickly roll the unconscious patient onto their side and open and clear the airway.
Cover the patient lightly with a coat or blanket. Check that normal breathing has resumed. Allow the patient to sleep until fully recovered, but check for a response every few minutes. Aftercare Check for a MedicAlert pendant or bracelet stating that the wearer suffers from epilepsy. Check for any injuries and apply necessary first aid. Reassure the patient as full consciousness is restored.
Advise the patient not to drive. If you do not meet those criteria, your licence may not be renewed, or you may be issued a conditional licence. In Victoria, this means informing VicRoads. Driving against medical advice is illegal and dangerous to you, your passengers and the general public. There are many safety factors to consider as seizures often occur without warning. Learn more about seizures and driving in Victoria.
If a seizure happens in water, it can lead to a life threatening situation. People take risks every day, but people who have seizures may have to deal with different risks. By becoming aware of potential risks and ways these can be lessened, activities can be safer and most people with epilepsy can live full and active lives. Injuries and accidents tend to occur more around the home than anywhere else. There are many ways you can make your home safer. Try doing a few things like:. Keep your safety precautions sensible and relevant, with a balance between risk and restrictions.
Take the time to think about your home, work and leisure activities. What may be potential dangers if a seizure occurs? How can you reduce the risk of harm to yourself or others? There are many practical ways you can easily improve the safety of your environment. Most seizures last less than 2 minutes. However, some people with epilepsy tend to have severe or life-threatening seizures.
For these people, seizures may be prolonged or happen in clusters. In some people these severe seizures can happen regularly. These situations are considered seizure emergencies. This medication can be prescribed by your neurologist. SUDEP deaths are often unwitnessed, with many of the deaths occurring overnight.
Researchers are investigating a range of possibilities such as the effect of seizures on breathing and the heart. Having active or poorly controlled seizures can put you at risk of injury and death.
Knowing about epilepsy-related risks of injury and death means you can act against them. Steps you can take to reduce seizure-related risks, injury or death are:. This page has been produced in consultation with and approved by:. The type of pain felt in the abdomen can vary greatly.
Children may feel stomach pain for a range of reasons and may need treatment. The long-term effects of brain injury will be different for each person and can range from mild to profound. A person with alcohol related brain impairment ARBI might experience problems with coordination, thinking, planning and memory. If a person with alcohol related brain impairment is aware of their memory limits, they can learn how to deal with them.
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